Crime, Security, and Illegal Wildlife Trade: Political Ecologies of International Conservation

Abstract This article takes a political ecology approach to understanding the integration of conservation with security in tackling illegal wildlife trade. It builds on debates militarization by connecting it dynamics global environmental politics, specifically discursive and material support from donors, governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The combined effects highly competitive funding environment concerns governments has produced context which NGOs strategically invoke idea trade as threat. For donors is means through they can address threats. However, this outcomes for marginalized peoples living wildlife, including militarization, human rights abuses, enhanced surveillance, law enforcement.